Electrical Fires & Fire Blankets: Your Safety Guide

When an electrical appliance sparks up or a wire starts to smoke, panic can set in fast. One of the first things many people grab for in a home emergency is a fire blanket. But the big question often on everyone’s mind is: “Can fire blankets be used on electrical fires?” It’s a crucial question, and knowing the right answer could make all the difference in a crisis. Let’s get to the bottom of it and equip you with the knowledge to react safely and effectively.

The Truth About Fire Blankets and Electrical Fires

The good news is, yes, fire blankets can indeed be used on electrical fires, specifically those that are small and contained. The magic behind a fire blanket’s effectiveness lies in its ability to smother flames by cutting off their oxygen supply. Since electrical fires, like many other types, rely on oxygen to burn, a fire blanket can be an excellent tool in the right circumstances.

Fire blankets are typically made from materials like fiberglass, which are non-combustible and non-conductive. This non-conductive property is particularly important when dealing with electricity. Unlike water, which conducts electricity and could put you in immense danger when used on an electrical fire, a fire blanket provides a safe barrier.

Understanding Fire Classes (A Quick Look)

To really grasp why fire blankets work, it helps to understand fire classifications briefly:

• Class A: Fires involving ordinary combustible materials like wood, paper, cloth.
• Class B: Fires involving flammable liquids like gasoline, oil, or paint.
• Class C: Fires involving flammable gases (though sometimes Class B also covers this).
• Class D: Fires involving combustible metals.
• Class F (or K in the US): Fires involving cooking oils and fats.
• Class E (or often referred to as ‘Electrical’): Fires involving live electrical equipment. Once the electricity is disconnected, it essentially becomes a Class A, B, or F fire.

While fire blankets are often specifically rated for Class F (kitchen grease fires), their smothering action makes them suitable for small Class A and B fires, and crucially, safe and effective for small electrical fires (Class E/electrical) by cutting off the oxygen and preventing reignition once the power is cut.

When a Fire Blanket Is Your Ally Against Electrical Fires

Knowing that you can use a fire blanket is one thing, but knowing when and how is key to safety. Here’s when a fire blanket is your go-to for an electrical fire:

• Small, Contained Fires: A fire blanket is perfect for small fires, like an overloaded power strip, a minor appliance fire, or a burning cable. If the fire is larger than a small wastebasket or spreading rapidly, it’s time to evacuate.
• The Golden Rule: Disconnect the Power First! Before you even think about deploying the fire blanket, your absolute top priority is to cut off the electrical supply. Unplug the appliance if safe to do so, or switch off the circuit breaker that controls the area. This instantly turns an “electrical fire” into a regular fire, making it much safer to extinguish and preventing further electrical hazards.
• Accessibility: You must be able to safely and quickly get close enough to cover the fire completely without putting yourself at risk.

When to Step Back (And What To Do Instead)

A fire blanket is a fantastic tool, but it’s not a magic bullet for every situation. There are critical times when you should NOT use a fire blanket on an electrical fire:

• Large or Spreading Fires: If the fire is growing quickly, has spread beyond its initial source, or is too large for the blanket to cover completely, a fire blanket won’t be enough.
• Inaccessible Fires: If the fire is hidden behind a wall, under a floor, or in an area you can’t reach safely, don’t attempt to use a blanket.
• Fires Involving Pressurized Gas: Never use a fire blanket on fires involving pressurized gas cylinders. These fires can explode if the blanket seals in the heat.
• If You Can’t Cut the Power: If it’s impossible or unsafe to disconnect the electrical supply, attempting to cover a live electrical fire, especially a large one, can still pose risks. In such cases, specialized extinguishers are safer.
• When in Doubt, Get Out: If you feel unsafe, unsure, or if the fire is too big, your priority is to evacuate everyone from the premises immediately and call emergency services (e.g., 911 or your local emergency number). Never put yourself in harm’s way.

Mastering the Fire Blanket Technique

Using a fire blanket effectively is simple, but requires a calm and deliberate approach:

1. Stay Calm: Take a deep breath. Panic can make you rush and make mistakes.
2. Pull the Tabs: Fire blankets typically come folded in a pouch with two pull tabs hanging out. Grab these tabs firmly and pull them downwards and outwards to release the blanket.
3. Shield Your Hands: As you unfurl the blanket, wrap the top edges around your hands to protect them from the heat and flames. Keep your arms extended.
4. Approach with Caution: Hold the blanket in front of you like a shield, protecting your face and body.
5. Cover the Fire Gently: Approach the fire from the nearest edge. Lay the blanket gently over the flames, covering the entire fire completely. Avoid throwing it forcefully, as this can fan the flames or push burning material.
6. Leave it There: Once the fire is covered, leave the blanket in place for at least 30 minutes, or until the area has cooled down completely. Removing it too soon can allow the fire to reignite as oxygen rushes back in.

Keeping Your Fire Blanket Ready

A fire blanket is only useful if it’s accessible and in good condition:

• Strategic Placement: Store your fire blanket in an easily accessible and visible location, ideally in the kitchen or near any areas where electrical appliances are heavily used. Avoid placing it directly above a cooker where you might not be able to reach it during a fire.
• Regular Inspection: Periodically check the blanket’s packaging for any signs of damage, tears, or tampering.
• Replace if Used or Damaged: Once used, even if it looks fine, the blanket’s integrity might be compromised. Always replace a fire blanket after it has been deployed, or if it shows any signs of wear and tear.

Other Tools in Your Electrical Fire Arsenal

While fire blankets are excellent for small electrical fires, having other options is smart for comprehensive fire safety:

• Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Extinguishers: These work by displacing oxygen and cooling the fire. They are excellent for electrical fires because they are non-conductive and leave no residue.
• Dry Chemical (ABC) Extinguishers: These use a fine powder to interrupt the chemical reaction of the fire. They are effective on electrical fires but leave behind a corrosive residue that can damage electronics.

Remember, always choose an extinguisher specifically rated for electrical fires.

Quick Answers to Your Burning Questions (FAQ)

Are fire blankets specifically rated for electrical fires?

While many fire blankets are specifically rated for Class F (kitchen oil and fat) fires, their core mechanism of smothering oxygen makes them highly effective and safe for small electrical fires, especially once the power source has been cut. They are made of non-conductive materials, making them a safe choice.

What type of fire extinguisher is best for electrical fires?

For electrical fires, Carbon Dioxide (CO2) extinguishers are generally considered the best because they are non-conductive and leave no residue. Dry chemical (ABC) extinguishers are also effective but leave a corrosive residue that can damage electronics.

Can I use water on an electrical fire?

Absolutely NOT! Never, under any circumstances, use water on an electrical fire. Water conducts electricity, which can lead to electrocution for you and cause the fire to spread rapidly. This is a critical safety rule.

How long do fire blankets typically last?

The lifespan of a fire blanket can vary depending on the manufacturer, but most are designed to last for about five years. Always check the manufacturer’s recommendations and any expiry dates printed on the packaging. Regular inspection is key to ensuring it’s always ready.

Wrapping Up

Being prepared for an electrical fire means understanding the tools at your disposal. Fire blankets are a valuable part of any home’s fire safety kit, offering a safe and effective way to tackle small electrical fires. Remember the golden rules: always try to disconnect the power first, know when to use the blanket and when to evacuate, and always prioritize your safety. With the right knowledge and tools, you can react confidently and keep yourself and your loved ones safe.