Mackerel are a popular and delicious fish enjoyed around the world, but have you ever wondered just how big mackerel actually get? Whether you’re an angler hoping for a big catch or a home cook curious about portion sizes, understanding the size of mackerel can help you make better choices at the market, on the water, or in the kitchen. In this guide, we’ll break down everything you need to know about mackerel sizes in a simple, friendly way.
Contents
- 1 What Is a Mackerel?
- 2 Common Types of Mackerel and Their Sizes
- 3 What Influences the Size of Mackerel?
- 4 Mackerel Size for Cooking and Eating
- 5 Mackerel Growth: How Fast Do They Grow?
- 6 The Biggest and Smallest Mackerels on Record
- 7 Mackerel Size FAQ
- 8 Fun Facts About Mackerel Size
- 9 Conclusion: Why Knowing Mackerel Size Matters
What Is a Mackerel?
Mackerel is a common name used for several species of fast-swimming, sleek fish found in both temperate and tropical seas. They belong to the Scombridae family, which also includes tuna and bonito. Mackerel are known for their streamlined bodies, forked tails, and distinctive wavy stripes on their backs. Their oily flesh is prized for its rich flavor and high omega-3 content.
Common Types of Mackerel and Their Sizes
There are many types of mackerel around the globe, but let’s focus on the most popular ones you’re likely to encounter:
- Atlantic Mackerel (Scomber scombrus): Also known as Boston mackerel, this species is found in the North Atlantic Ocean. They typically range from 12 to 18 inches (30 to 46 cm) in length and weigh between 1 to 2 pounds (0.45 to 0.9 kg). However, some can grow up to 20 inches (50 cm).
- Spanish Mackerel (Scomberomorus maculatus): Common along the U.S. Atlantic and Gulf coasts, these mackerel usually measure 14 to 24 inches (35 to 61 cm) long and can weigh up to 6 pounds (2.7 kg).
- King Mackerel (Scomberomorus cavalla): Also called kingfish, this is one of the largest mackerel species. They can reach impressive lengths of 24 to 72 inches (61 to 183 cm) and may weigh anywhere from 10 to over 90 pounds (4.5 to 40+ kg), though most commonly caught fish are between 10 and 30 pounds.
- Chub Mackerel (Scomber japonicus): Found in both the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, chub mackerel are smaller, typically measuring about 10 to 16 inches (25 to 40 cm) and weighing less than 2 pounds (0.9 kg).
- Pacific Mackerel (Scomber australasicus): These are similar in size to chub mackerel, usually growing up to 14 inches (36 cm) long.
Quick Size Comparison Table
| Species | Average Length | Average Weight | Maximum Size |
|---|---|---|---|
| Atlantic Mackerel | 12–18 in (30–46 cm) | 1–2 lbs (0.45–0.9 kg) | 20 in (50 cm) |
| Spanish Mackerel | 14–24 in (35–61 cm) | Up to 6 lbs (2.7 kg) | 24 in (61 cm) |
| King Mackerel | 24–72 in (61–183 cm) | 10–90+ lbs (4.5–40+ kg) | 72 in (183 cm) |
| Chub Mackerel | 10–16 in (25–40 cm) | <2 lbs (<0.9 kg) | 16 in (40 cm) |
| Pacific Mackerel | Up to 14 in (36 cm) | <2 lbs (<0.9 kg) | 14 in (36 cm) |
What Influences the Size of Mackerel?
The size of a mackerel depends on several factors:
- Species: As shown above, some species naturally grow much larger than others.
- Age: Older fish are generally bigger. Most mackerel reach maturity within two years, but those that live longer can grow larger.
- Habitat: Fish living in nutrient-rich environments with plenty of food tend to grow faster and larger.
- Fishing Pressure: In areas where fishing is intense, average sizes may be smaller because larger, older fish are often caught first.
Mackerel Size for Cooking and Eating
If you’re buying or catching mackerel for the kitchen, size matters! Here’s what you should know:
- Whole Fish: Most whole mackerel sold at markets are between 10 and 16 inches long and weigh around 1 pound. This size is perfect for grilling or baking whole.
- Fillets: Fillets from larger mackerel species will be thicker and meatier. For example, king mackerel fillets are great for steaks or grilling.
A typical serving size is about one half to one whole small mackerel per person or a fillet weighing around 4–6 ounces (113–170 grams).
Mackerel Growth: How Fast Do They Grow?
Mackerel are fast-growing fish. Most species reach their mature size within two years. For example, Atlantic mackerel can grow from tiny larvae to about a foot long within their first year! After reaching maturity, their growth slows down but continues as they age.
The Biggest and Smallest Mackerels on Record
- The Largest: The king mackerel holds the record for size among mackerels. Some trophy specimens have tipped the scales at over 90 pounds and measured more than six feet long!
- The Smallest: The smallest commonly eaten mackerels are chub and Pacific mackerels, which rarely exceed two pounds or sixteen inches in length.
Mackerel Size FAQ
How big do Atlantic mackerel get?
The average Atlantic mackerel measures between 12 and 18 inches long and weighs about one to two pounds. The largest can reach up to twenty inches.
Are bigger mackerels better for eating?
Bigger isn’t always better! While larger mackerels like king mackerel provide meatier fillets, smaller species like Atlantic or chub mackerels are often preferred for their tender texture and milder flavor.
How do I choose the right size mackerel at the store?
If you’re cooking whole fish, look for ones around one pound each—these are easy to handle and fit nicely on most grills or baking trays. For fillets or steaks, ask your fishmonger for cuts from larger fish if you want thicker pieces.
Can I catch really big mackerels while fishing?
If you’re fishing off a pier or boat, you might catch anything from small chub or Spanish mackerels up to large king mackerels depending on your location and bait!
What’s the best way to cook different sizes of mackerel?
Smaller whole mackerels are perfect for grilling, baking, or pan-frying. Large king mackerels are great for making steaks or fillets suitable for grilling or broiling.
Fun Facts About Mackerel Size
- Mackerels’ sleek shape helps them swim at speeds over twenty miles per hour!
- Their size makes them an important prey for larger fish like tuna and sharks.
Conclusion: Why Knowing Mackerel Size Matters
Mackerels come in all shapes and sizes—some fit perfectly on your dinner plate while others could be the highlight of a fishing trip! Understanding how big different types of mackerel get helps you choose the right fish for your recipe or next angling adventure. Whether you’re after a tender whole fish for grilling or a thick steak for your barbecue, now you know exactly what to look for when it comes to mackerel size.
If you have more questions about buying, cooking, or catching mackerel—or want tips on preparing them—check out our other helpful guides!